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Volume 3, Issue 1 (2024)
GMJM 2024, 3(1): 31-36 |
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Received: 2023/08/8 | Accepted: 2024/01/4 | Published: 2024/02/15
Received: 2023/08/8 | Accepted: 2024/01/4 | Published: 2024/02/15
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Shiravand M, Safikhani H. Effect of Open- Versus Closed Exercises on Psychological Function in Children with Tic Disorder. GMJM 2024; 3 (1) :31-36
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M. Shiravand *1, H. Safikhani1
1- Department of Physical Education, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
Abstract (502 Views)
Aims: Tics have adverse effects on psychosocial performance in children and their families. Exercises are commonly used for the prevention and management of chronic diseases. This study evaluated the effect of open-versus closed-skill exercises on psychological function in children with tic disorder.
Materials & Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out for 8 weeks in children with motor tics. Children were randomly assigned into three groups: Closed (running on a treadmill), Open (tennis exercise), and Control (without exercise). The Yale global tic severity scale was used to determine the tic severity. Parents completed Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale Child and Parent Versions in the pre-test (pre-interventions) and post-test (after 8-week exercises). The effect of time (pre-test & post-test) and exercises (Control, Closed, and Open) and their interaction were evaluated.
Findings: Open exercises significantly decreased Separation Anxiety, Panic and Agoraphobia, Physical Injury Fears, and Generalized Anxiety (p<0.05), but closed exercises reduced Physical Injury Fears (p<0.05). Both the exercises did not have significant effects on Social Phobia and obsessive-compulsive (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Open exercises could alleviate psychological disorders in children with tic syndrome. It can be advised to use open exercises in people with motor tics.
Materials & Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out for 8 weeks in children with motor tics. Children were randomly assigned into three groups: Closed (running on a treadmill), Open (tennis exercise), and Control (without exercise). The Yale global tic severity scale was used to determine the tic severity. Parents completed Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale Child and Parent Versions in the pre-test (pre-interventions) and post-test (after 8-week exercises). The effect of time (pre-test & post-test) and exercises (Control, Closed, and Open) and their interaction were evaluated.
Findings: Open exercises significantly decreased Separation Anxiety, Panic and Agoraphobia, Physical Injury Fears, and Generalized Anxiety (p<0.05), but closed exercises reduced Physical Injury Fears (p<0.05). Both the exercises did not have significant effects on Social Phobia and obsessive-compulsive (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Open exercises could alleviate psychological disorders in children with tic syndrome. It can be advised to use open exercises in people with motor tics.
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