en Original Research <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#7030a0">Aims:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> Stress occurs during life and causes psychological problems that must be treated. Consumption of plants and their derivations may decrease the negative effects of stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of black cumin nanophytosomes on behavioral responses, stress oxidative biomarkers, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor changes in rats exposed to chronic stress. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#7030a0">Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">The rats were divided into six groups of non-stressed (negative control or NC) and stressed treated with 0mg/kg of cumin essential oil (stress) and 20mg/kg of cumin (20-C), 40mg/kg of cumin (40-C), 20mg/kg of cumin nanophytosome (20-CN) and 40mg/kg of cumin nanophytosome (40-CN). Anxiety and depression-like behaviors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, malondialdehyde concentrations, </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were assessed. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#7030a0">Findings: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Stress increased </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">anxiety and depression-like behaviors</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> and </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">malondialdehyde </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">concentration while decreasing </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">brain-derived neurotrophic factor </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">levels, </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">ferric-reducing antioxidant power</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase concentrations compared with NC rats. Cumin decreased </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">anxiety and depression-like behaviors</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> and </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">malondialdehyde </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">concentration while increased </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">brain-derived neurotrophic factor </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">levels, </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">ferric-reducing antioxidant power</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase concentrations compared with rats in the stress group. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#7030a0">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> Cumin, especially in the highest concentrations and nanophytosome coatings, can manage stress and decrease psychological behaviors by increasing </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">brain-derived neurotrophic factors </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. </span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Anxiety,Antioxidant,Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor,Cumin,Nanophytosome,Stress, 77 82 http://gmedicine.de/browse.php?a_code=A-10-256-1&slc_lang=en&sid=2 S. Abbasi Maleki 10031947532846001233 10031947532846001233 No Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran M. Gholami 10031947532846001234 10031947532846001234 No Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran M. Ghazanfari Hashemi 10031947532846001235 10031947532846001235 No School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran R. Hossein Gholizadeh Salmani 10031947532846001236 10031947532846001236 No Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran N. Moradikor 10031947532846001237 10031947532846001237 Yes International Center for Neuroscience Research, Institute for Intelligent Research, Tbilisi, Georgia